Sun Exposure and Eczema

Sun exposure may help improve atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema. Many people with eczema find that their skin improves or clears in the summertime and in tropical climates. In contrast, eczema tends to worsen in winter and in colder climates. This is because colder temperatures and drier air can cause eczema flare-ups.^1,2

How sunlight can help eczema

Sun exposure can be good for eczema because the sun helps the body produce vitamin D. Vitamin D is good for the skin barrier. Problems with the skin barrier can be an underlying cause of eczema. Vitamin D also helps the body fight off skin infections.²

However, sunlight does not work the same for everyone with eczema and can be harmful due to the strong UV rays. Some people find that sunlight improves their skin. For others, sun exposure might make their eczema worse. Be careful with sun exposure, and find out what works best for your skin.¹

Phototherapy

Phototherapy, also known as light therapy, is a treatment that uses controlled ultraviolet (UV) light to help manage eczema. This light is similar to sunlight. This is usually done in a doctor's office with a special machine that delivers the right amount of UV light to the skin. Because a doctor controls the amount of UV light that is delivered, it is safe compared to sun exposure.³

Phototherapy works by reducing inflammation, which can help clear up eczema symptoms like redness, itching, and dryness. It is a safe and effective option for people with moderate to severe eczema who do not respond well to other treatments.³

The treatment is usually done a few times a week for several weeks. It can be done on the whole body or on certain areas. Most people see improvement after about 1 or 2 months of consistent treatment. However, like sunlight, phototherapy may not be right for everyone. There are possible side effects of phototherapy treatment, such as:³

• Skin tenderness
• Sunburn-like skin irritation
• Premature aging of the skin (wrinkles and brown spots)
• Acne-like lesions
• Increased risk of skin cancer

Talk to your doctor about these side effects and whether the risks outweigh the benefits when it comes to your eczema.³

Practicing healthy sun exposure

While sunlight can have benefits for eczema, you should practice healthy sun habits. Too much sun can damage the skin. And in some cases, sun exposure can make eczema worse.²

By following these tips, you can get the benefits of sunlight without risking skin damage or triggering an eczema flare-up:²

• Avoid the sun during peak hours. Peak sun exposure is usually between 10 AM and 3 PM, when the sun’s rays are strongest.
• Start with short periods in the sun. This can help you find out how your skin reacts to sunlight without overdoing it.
• Always wear protective clothing. A wide-brimmed hat, long sleeves, and sunglasses can protect your skin from too much sun.
• Use sunscreen. Choose a sunscreen that is safe for eczema-prone skin to protect your skin from harmful UV rays.

How to choose a sunscreen if you have eczema

Sunscreen is an important part of sun protection. But it can be tricky to choose one if you have eczema. Many sunscreens contain ingredients that can irritate sensitive skin or cause flare-ups.^2,4

Here are some things to look for when choosing a sunscreen:^2,4

• Choose a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more. Make sure it offers protection from both UVA and UVB rays.
• Choose a sunscreen that is labeled “hypoallergenic” or “for sensitive skin.” These sunscreens are less likely to contain harsh chemicals that can irritate eczema-prone skin.
• Look for mineral sunscreens. For example, ones with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are less likely to be irritating to the skin.
• Avoid sunscreens with fragrances, alcohol, or preservatives. These ingredients can be drying and irritating to sensitive skin.
• Test the sunscreen on a small patch of skin before applying it to a larger area. This can help you find out whether the sunscreen causes any irritation.

It is very important to use sunscreen if you have eczema. The right sunscreen can help protect your skin from UV damage and prevent your eczema from getting worse. If you are unsure which sunscreen to choose, ask your doctor for advice.²

Talk with your doctor

Sunlight can be a helpful part of managing eczema, but sun exposure should be done safely and with protective measures. Phototherapy can be a great option for people with moderate to severe eczema because it provides safe, controlled light exposure. Always talk to your doctor before trying any new treatments for eczema, including increased sunlight or phototherapy.^2,3